Hauv kev lag luam tshuab ua dej khov, ammonia tub yees thiab fluorine tub yees yeej ib txwm yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev sib cav. Kev xaiv ntawm txoj kev tub yees tuaj yeem ua rau kev lag luam, ib puag ncig thiab kev sib raug zoo. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no tsom xam cov xwm txheej ntawm ammonia, fluorine refrigerants thiab ammonia thiab fluorine tub yees tshuab, thiab qhia txog cov xwm txheej ntawm daim ntawv thov, cov teeb meem uas twb muaj lawm, thiab kev tshawb fawb cov lus qhia ntawm ob txoj kev tub yees hauv kev lag luam, uas yuav pab tib neeg kom nkag siab meej txog ob qho no. cov txheej txheem tub yees. Kom nkag siab.
1. Kev sib piv ntawm cov khoom ntawm ammonia refrigerant (R717) thiab fluorine refrigerant (R22 thiab R404A)
Hais txog kev nyab xeeb: qhov tawg thiab toxicity ntawm ammonia heev txwv nws daim ntawv thov, thiab nrog cov xov xwm tsis tu ncua ntawm ammonia refrigeration systems nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, tib neeg muaj kev ntshai ntawm ammonia tub yees tshuab. Kev nyab xeeb siab ntawm fluorine tub yees yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob sai ntawm fluorine tub yees hauv xyoo tas los.
Kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig: ODP ntawm ammonia yog xoom, thiab GWP kuj yog xoom. R404A yog cov tub yees ntau dua ib puag ncig, thiab R22 tub yees vim nws qhov kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ib puag ncig, cov teb chaws tsim yuav txwv nws daim ntawv thov ua ntej 2020. Tam sim no, cov neeg hauv kev lag luam tab tom nrhiav rau lwm cov tub yees uas zoo ib puag ncig.
Material compatibility: Thaum ammonia muaj noo noo, nws yog corrosive rau tooj liab. Yog li ntawd, tooj liab thiab tooj liab alloys tsis tuaj yeem siv rau cov kav dej thiab li qub ntawm ammonia system. Muaj qee qhov kev txwv hauv kev xaiv cov khoom siv hauv lub cev. Fluorine tub yees muaj tshuaj lom neeg thiab thermal stability, thiab theoretically lawv tsis corrosive rau tag nrho cov hlau. Kev sib cuam tshuam nrog dej: cov dej tso cai ntawm ammonia tsawg dua {{0}}.2 feem pua . Vim hais tias ammonia yog yooj yim soluble nyob rau hauv dej, txawm yog hais tias muaj ib tug ib feem ntawm cov dej, nws yuav tsis tshwm "ice plug" zoo li Freon, yog li nws yog tsim nyog los qhuav ammonia tub yees rau cov kav dej. Cov kev cai tsis nruj li Freon. Freon yog ib qho nyuaj rau yaj hauv dej, yog li yog tias muaj dej hauv qhov system, nws yooj yim ua rau cov dej khov txhaws. Feem ntau peb muaj lub tshuab lim dej hauv qhov system. Kev sib cuam tshuam nrog cov roj: Tam sim no, cov roj lubricating ntawm ammonia tub yees yog cov roj ntxhia, uas tsis tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog ammonia. Cov khoom siv xws li roj cais thiab cov roj ntim roj feem ntau yog ntsia kom rov qab cov roj lubricating rau lub compressor los ntawm kev tswj tsis siv neeg lossis phau ntawv tswj. R404A tsis yog miscible nrog cov roj ntxhia thiab roj alkylbenzene, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua rau miscible nrog polyester roj (POE). Txawm li cas los xij, ntawm qhov kub thiab txias (nyob ib ncig ntawm 50 degree), yuav muaj kev sib cais tsis sib haum, thiab R22 kuj yog me ntsis soluble hauv lubricating roj. Yog li ntawd, qhov loj-scale fluorine tub yees tshuab feem ntau yog nruab nrog roj thiab roj reservoirs. Siv R404A ua piv txwv. Qhov sib txawv ntawm ob lub compressors tsuas yog cov tub yees xwb. Sib piv lub peev xwm txias ntawm R717, R22 thiab R404A nyob rau hauv tib lub evaporating kub ({10}} degree), condensation kub (45 degree), kua subcooling (0K) thiab suction superheating (10K). Ammonia muaj qhov zoo dua li cov tshuaj fluorine nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm lub peev xwm txias, COP, thiab huab cua txaus. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntsuas kub ntawm R717 yog ntau dua li ntawm R22 thiab R404A, uas yuav ua rau kom muaj kev tsim kho ntawm cov khoom siv. Ammonia muaj peev xwm loj dua lub tub yees rau ib chav tsev loj ntawm fluorine, qhia tias ammonia muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub evaporation kub nce mus txog -33.33 degree, lub ntsuas qhov siab ntawm ammonia yog 0. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob lub kaw lus ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov tsis zoo siab, ammonia feem ntau yog siv rau cov tshuab uas qhov kub ntawm evaporation siab tshaj {{20. }}.33 degree.
2. System complexity
Tube ice tshuab Ammonia tub yees yog lub twj tso kua mis-siv system. Txij li thaum cov roj ntxhia lubricating roj siv nyob rau hauv ammonia tub yees system tsis yog miscible nrog ammonia, ammonia system yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov roj separators, roj sau thiab lwm yam khoom siv los xyuas kom meej cov roj rov qab ntawm lub system thiab txo qhov system kub, kom cov ammonia. roj system yog heev nyuaj. Cov no ua rau cov ammonia system loj, ntau lub tshuab pabcuam, cov kav dej sib txuas, ntau lub li qub, kev tsim kho nyuaj, thiab siv sijhawm ntev. Cov txheej txheem fluorine muaj cov qauv compact, me me hneev taw, thiab ob peb yam khoom siv. Kev teeb tsa ntawm chav tsev tau ua tiav heev, thiab feem ntau nws tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv lub Hoobkas ntawm chav tsev khoom.
3. Cov cuab yeej siv peev
Lub tshuab ammonia suav nrog ntau yam khoom siv, feem ntau suav nrog compressors, evaporators, condensers, roj separators, siab thiab tsis tshua muaj siab cia tso tsheb hlau luam, intercoolers, recoolers, ammonia separators, tsis tshua muaj siab circulation tanks, thiab thaum muaj xwm ceev ammonia tso tawm. , Cua vent, roj collector, ammonia twj tso kua mis thiab cov khoom siv valve thiab bypass valve, thiab lwm yam., uas ua rau muaj ntau yam haujlwm ntawm qhov chaw. Cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb ntawm lub tshuab fluorine muaj xws li compressors, evaporators, condensers, roj separators, roj collectors, gas-kua separators, kua reservoirs thiab sib xws li qub, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau, fluorine system siv tooj liab kav los yog steel kav, uas yog yooj yim mus nqa. dhau. , Cov yeeb nkab layout yog yooj yim, thiab cov yeeb nkab noj yog tsawg dua li ntawm ammonia system. Tus nqi ntawm kev nqis peev hauv cov khoom siv ammonia thiab fluorine tub yees yog nyob rau tib theem ntawm cov cuab yeej zoo thiab cov txheej txheem tswj. Rau me me cia txias (compressors tsawg dua 50Hp), tus nqi ntawm fluorine yog ntau tshaj 10 feem pua qis dua cov khoom siv ammonia. Tus nqi ntawm qhov loj thiab nruab nrab-qhov txias cia yog yuav luag tib yam. Yog tias cov khoom siv fluorine tub yees tuaj yeem siv los yog xa tawm hauv tsev, nws yog ntau dua 30 feem pua pheej yig dua li cov khoom siv ammonia refrigeration, tab sis 20 feem pua -30 feem pua kim dua cov khoom siv ammonia hauv tsev.
4. Degree ntawm automation
Vim hais tias cov li qub ntawm cov ammonia hauv tsev raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom siv valve, cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm thiab cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm, qhov teeb meem ntawm lub valve ntawm ammonia system yog qhov hnyav, thiab nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau ua tiav qib siab ntawm kev tswj tsis siv neeg. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb yuav tsum muaj rau 24- kev tswj hwm teev (Ceeb toom: Tseem muaj cov khoom siv ammonia automated, tab sis lawv kuj tsawg). Lub tshuab fluorine yog ib qho yooj yim kom paub txog kev sib koom ua ke thiab ruaj khov tsis siv neeg tswj vim yog cov khoom lag luam paub tab thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm ntau yam khoom, thiab yeej paub txog kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj neeg saib xyuas. Vim muaj kev phom sij ntawm Freon refrigerants rau thaj chaw huab cua, kev siv fluorine tub yees tau txwv nyob rau xyoo tas los no. Yog li ntawd, nquag nrhiav cov tub yees zoo tshaj plaws yog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm fluorine tub yees. Cov neeg tau ua tiav qhov zoo hauv kev tshawb nrhiav lwm cov tub yees ntawm Freon. Qee cov kws tshaj lij thiab cov kws tshawb fawb tau taw qhia tias cov tub yees zoo dua los hloov R22 yog R407C, R410A thiab R32.
Xaus
Kev sib piv ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm ammonia thiab fluorine refrigerants los ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov tub yees thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm daim ntawv thov tam sim no qhia tau hais tias ammonia tub yees muaj kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub tub yees, thiab qhov toxicity thiab txaus ntshai ntawm ammonia yog dab tsi peb yuav tsum xav txog, yog li peb yuav tsum tau mus ntxiv. Tshawb nrhiav thiab txhim kho lub hom phiaj teeb meem ntawm ammonia tub yees system. Qhov kev nyab xeeb zoo dua thiab yooj yim ntawm fluorine tub yees yog dav siv hauv qhov chaw txias me me thiab nruab nrab, thiab tseem muaj qhov sib txawv rau kev loj hlob loj. Txawm li cas los xij, kev phom sij ntawm Freon rau qhov chaw huab cua yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau. Yog li ntawd, nws tseem yuav nrhiav tau cov tub yees zoo tshaj plaws. Kev tsom xam thiab kev taw qhia ntawm kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej.
